Almost every tribe has its own tribal codes containing civil and criminal laws passed by the tribe’s council. custom name philadelphia phillies baseball shirt There may be other codes, as well, dealing with particular subject matters.
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It seems that this limited opportunity rarely has been used. A few district court judges have developed the occasional practice of not only holding court on marae but also of transferring selected custom name philadelphia phillies baseball shirt cases to marae committees for determination of appropriate sentences. The latter usually occurs regarding young offenders as part of a diversion scheme, although it is done sometimes in relation to adult offenders. On the other hand, Maori lands were not divided and allotted to individuals with fee simple title so as to be treated under the regular, imported British common law regime concerning real property. Instead, an unusual form of collective title was created, in which each person within the whanau, the extended family, was identified as having an interest in a particular parcel of land.
The land could be used, leased or sold only by agreement among those who possessed a share. Over time, the number of people with interests in a specific plot can become rather sizeable as a person’s share passes on to all his or her immediate descendants on death. • People from outside the community are appointed as members of an appellate branch to sit from time to time as needed. Sometimes they are tribal members, but this is not invariably the case. On occasion, local non-Aboriginal lawyers are members of the tribal court of appeal. In the Hopi system the court of appeal is made up of three legally trained tribal members who no longer live on the reservation. One is a judge in a state court, one is a practising lawyer and the other is a university professor. This court of appeal sits on the reservation from time to time.
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