such as index-based weather insurance schemes, catastrophe bonds, and laws to encourage insurance purchasing. The yes i am old but i saw rob stewart on stage vintage shirt development and enhancement of microfinance institutions to ensure social resilience and smooth transitions in the adaptation to climate change impacts could be an important
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the greenhouse effect. The United States is the largest producer of greenhouse gases on the planet, accounting for twenty-five percent of total emissions. Transportation, primarily the burning of gasoline by cars and trucks, accounts for thirty-three percent of greenhouse gas emissions in the United States. Commercial and residential buildings are responsible for thirty-nine percent of greenhouse gas emissions in this country; the majority of these emissions result from electricity generation through coal-burning power plants. projections suggest a future in which climate change is mostly a manageable burden for wealthy countries, imposing discomfort and requiring adaptation and mitigation, but not, in fact, the end of civilization as we know it. On the other hand, rising yes i am old but i saw rob stewart on stage vintage shirt temperatures are more likely to be a seriously destabilizing force in poorer countries, in the global South, in Africa and the Middle East and India more likely to limit economic growth, more likely to overwhelm efforts at mitigation, more likely to encourage yet more of those regions’ elites to decamp for London or Los Angeles, and more likely to simply kill the people left behind. warned that the world faces ‘severe, pervasive and irreversible’ damage from rising greenhouse gas emissions. But the summit’s Australian host, then Prime Minister Tony Abbott, had been determined to stop the meeting’s agenda from being ‘cluttered’ by climate change and other issues that could distract from his top priority of economic growth, otherwise known as GDP growth. Measured as the market value of goods and services produced within a nation’s borders in a year, GDP has long been used as the leading indicator of economic health. The creators of these scenarios worked hard to implement the approach practiced by Wack and Schwartz but fell far short of results that can help national governments seize the opportunities and avoid the dangers related to climate change. To assess the SRES effort, it is important to note the extent to which climate change presents a challenge of competing surprises. In one plausible future, greenhouse gas emissions will continue rising and the earth’s natural environment will change more rapidly and dramatically than anything in recorded human experience.
Adaptation options for industry focus on infrastructure resilience and water management. Like with energy system transitions, technological innovation would be required, but also the enhancement of institutional capacities. Recent research illustrates transformational adaptation within industrial transitions focusing on the role of different actors and tools driving innovation, and points to the role of nationally appropriate mitigation actions in avoiding lock-ins and promoting system innovation , the role of private sector in sustainability governance in the socio-political context Burch , and of green entrepreneurs driving transformative change in the green economy Gibbs and O’Neill. Lim-Camacho suggest an analysis of the complete lifecycle of supply chains as a means of identifying additional adaptation strategies, as opposed to the current focus on a part of the supply chain. Chain-wide strategies can modify the rest of the chain and present a win-win with commercial objectives. Ability to engage in climate action.Individuals more often engage in adaptation Gebrehiwot and van der Veen, Koerth , and mitigation behaviour when they are or feel more capable to do so. Hence, it is important to enhance ability to act on climate change, which depends on income and knowledge, among other things. A higher income is related to higher CO emissions; higher income groups can afford more carbon-intensive lifestyles Lamb , Dietz , Wang . Yet low-income groups may lack resources to invest in energy-efficient technology and refurbishments Andrews-Speed and Ma, and adaptation options Wamsler, Fleming , b; Takahashi . Adaptive capacity further depends on gender roles Jabeen, Bunce and Ford, technical capacities and knowledge Feola Financial institutions are equally important for adaptation. Linnerooth-Bayer and Hochrainer-Stigler discussed the benefits of financial instruments in adaptation, including the provision of post-disaster finances for recovery and pre-disaster security necessary for climate adaptation and poverty reduction. Pre-disaster financial instruments and options include insurance,
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