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gear from landfill or incineration to recycling facilities. However, stakeholders described that better market uptake for recycled materials from fishing and aquaculture gear is required and that it was necessary to allocate parts of an EPR funding or government subsidies to create a competitive position for recycled materials from the packaging industry. Alternative materials were mentioned favourably, while at the same time it was said that research and development was lacking or the they were currently too expensive. Additionally, biodegradable Floral houston astros mlb summer vacation hawaiian shirt plastics were deemed to be too expensive. It was also said that biodegradable plastics are currently not widely available, especially not plastics that would be biodegradable in salt water and large depths. Further, some stakeholders pointed out that biodegradable material would set the wrong incentive and would lead to disposing plastic fishing gear in the sea rather than returning it to port. Similarly, the advantages of an indirect port fee system excluding separate charges for waste collection can be reduced in cases where the implementation of enhanced port reception facilities leads to a de facto increase in port costs, particularly in small ports and for small operators, notably in the fishing sector. Complementing the measures envisaged in the revised PRF Directive with action that minimises or eliminates the additional cost for ports and small scale operators as a result of envisaging extended producer responsibility for fishing gear containing plastic would strengthen the overall impact of EU level measures to reduce marine litter. The legislative initiative that this Impact Assessment accompanies complements all of these actions on design, recycling and microplastics and goes one step further. The main objective is prevention reducing plastic marine litter of single use plastic and fishing gear . by market restrictions and producers paying for clean-up. As a result, innovation for new business models , multi-use items or material substitution will be boosted. In cases where marine litter will still occur, the resulting shift from single use plastics to reusable solutions and many natural, untreated alternative materials should lead to a reduced environmental impact.
The initiative also tackles lost fishing gear because of its direct pathway to the sea. The main objective here is to incentivise bringing all fishing gear ashore and improve its handling there. Members of the public also shared their opinions on diverse measures and approaches that could effectively reduce the environmental impacts of different SUPs. With reference to drink bottles, Deposit Return Schemes were considered the most appropriate response followed by the option to set targets for use reduction . Minimum design requirements found less support amongst respondents and were not favoured by business representatives. A different course of action was suggested for lightweight shopping bags with stakeholders across categories being in favour of a use reduction target . For SUP, which could be replaced by more sustainable alternatives, such as cotton buds and cutlery, respondents supported legislative action and use reduction targets. Similar legislative measures were thought to be appropriate even for items for which no obvious and proportionate alternative existed, such as cigarette butts and sanitary towels. For items falling under this SUP category, extended producer responsibility schemes were viewed as equally sui. notes that, despite the widespread damage resulting from marine litter, liability and compensation for damage to the marine environment from accidental or intentional discharge of solid material in the sea is not covered by any international instrument. The existing instruments that apply in the context of marine litter and microplastics have geographical limitations as they fail to cover internal waters and watersheds. The costs of remediation for environmental damage by marine plastic litter and microplastics are not currently represented in any product or any other liability legislation with potential compensatory arrangements for environmental damage. Furthermore, the assessment underlines that extended producer liability and any other appropriate schemes . liability and
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